•Motivation is a state of mind that drives a person to work in a certain way to achieve desired goals.

•Motivation theories provide a great understanding of how people behave and what motivates them.

• Intrinsic motivation vs. extrinsic motivation

• The pain pleasure principle

• Maslow’s Need Hierarchy Theory: Maslow’s theory is based on human needs.

• Herzberg’s Motivation Hygiene Theory: The psychologist Frederick Herzberg extended the work of Maslow and proposed a new motivation theory popularly known as the Two-Factor Theory.

• McClelland’s Need Theory: McClelland believed that needs are learned or acquired by the kinds of events people experienced in their environment and culture.

• Vroom’s Expectancy Theory: One of the most widely accepted explanations of motivation is offered by Victor Vroom in his Expectancy Theory

• Locke’s Goal-Setting Theory: In the 1960s, Edwin Locke put forward the Goal-setting theory of motivation.

• Skinner’s Reinforcement Theory of Motivation: According to the theory, there are four factors that influence motivation with a schedule.

• •Positive reinforcement

  •Negative reinforcement

  •Punishment

  •Extinction

• Bandura’s Self-Efficacy Theory of Motivation: The Self-Efficacy Theory is a task-specific way of thinking about motivation.

• Incentive Theory of Motivation: The incentive theory suggests that motivation is largely fueled by the prospect of an external reward or incentive.

• Drive-Reduction Theory: The drive reduction theory of motivation became popular in the 1940s as a way to explain behavior, learning, and motivation.

• How to Increase your motivation? Learning about motivation helps us understand where motivation comes from, why it changes and what increases it.